👉INVESTIGATION ABOUT THE ORAL CULTURAL TRADITIONS OF THE
CHOSEN COUNTRIES👈
JAPAN 
It is a country made up of 6852 islands located in East Asia. And they are found in the Pacific Ocean. The name Japan means "the origin of the sun". For this reason this country is also known as the land of the rising sun.Japanese culture has a great influence from Asia, Europe and the United States, highlighting crafts such as pottery, origami, ikebana ukiyo-e, lacquers, dolls, among other arts. In addition, Japanese cuisine, the ceremonial traditions of tea and the arrangement of gardens or decoration with swords (sabers) stand out.
EDUCATION
Japan provides a system of nurseries or preschool up to and including 5 years of the child. It has a compulsory system for the primary and secondary level. It consists of 6 years for primary education and 3 years for secondary education.At the end of this second period, students can choose to advance to a baccalaureate level that can be chosen from four different types of subjects that will help them in their life projects, although this period is not compulsory.
TALES
Yosaku and the bird
Many years ago, in Japan, there was a very poor young man who lived in a small house in the middle of a large forest. His name was Yosaku and he made a living collecting firewood from the mountain and then selling it in the city.
One day it was snowing and very cold, Yosaku left his home as usual to sell the firewood in the market. With what they gave him for the firewood, he bought the food for that day. On the way home, he heard some very strange sounds. As he got closer, he discovered a bird that was imprisoned in a trap.
- Poor bird - he thought. I'm going to help him get rid of the trap. He is suffering a lot.
He released him from the trap and the bird took flight with great joy. Yosaku smirked and continued on his way home. It had started to snow and it was very cold.
Once at home and while lighting the fireplace, there was a knock on the door. Yosaku had no idea who it could be.
What a surprise! When he opened the door he saw a beautiful young woman, who was shivering with cold. Yosaku said to him:
- Come in and warm up.
The young woman explained to Yokaku that she was going to visit a relative who lived near there.
"It's already dark," Yosaku said as he looked out the window.
- Yes - answered the young woman. "Would you let me sleep here tonight?" - I ask
- I really would like to, but I'm poor and I don't have a bed or anything to eat.
- I do not need it. –Answered the young woman
- Then you can stay. - Yosaku said
During the night, the young woman did all the chores around the house. When Yosaku woke up the next morning he was very happy to see everything so clean.
It continued snowing non-stop day after day and the young woman asked: - Can I stay until it stops snowing?
- Of course it is - Yosaku replied
Days passed and it didn't stop snowing. Yosaku and the young woman became very close friends and little by little they fell in love. One day she asked him:
- Will you marry me? So we will always be together
- Yes - Yosaku replied. - I agree!
- From now on you can call me Otsuru- said the young woman
After getting married, Otsuru worked and helped her husband a lot. Yosaku was very happy.
One day when Yosaku was going out to sell the firewood, Otsuru asked him to buy him colored silk threads. I was going to knit. While her husband went to the market to sell the firewood and bought the threads, Otsuru stayed at home preparing the loom for weaving. When Yosaku, Otsuru locked herself in a room and asked her not to come in while she worked.
Otsuru spent three days weaving without leaving the room and did not eat or sleep. When he finished knitting he left the room and immediately showed Yosaku the fabric he had made. Yosaku was amazed. It was a fine and delicate fabric that combined colors and shades in an incredible way. It seemed impossible that hands were capable of creating such a beautiful fabric.
- What a beautiful fabric! It is a wonder! - Yosaku exclaimed
- You could sell it in the city and you would get a lot of money- said Otsuru
Yosaku went to the city offering the rich lords the precious fabric. The king, who was walking through the market, saw the fabric and wanted to buy it. He offered Yosaku a lot of money, who came home very happy and thanked his wife. He said that the king wanted more tissue than that.
- Don't worry- said Otsuru, - Right now I start knitting more.
This time it also took four days to knit and was without eating or sleeping. He was very weak when he left the room.
She told him:
- I've already finished it but it's the last time I do it
"Yes, yes," said Yosaku. I don't want you to get sick from working so much.
Yosaku took the tissue to the king who paid him very well. When the king looked at the piece he said:
- I'll need more for the princess's kimono
Yosaku explained that it was the last piece he sold, that it was impossible for more to be made. But the king threatened to cut his throat if he did not sell him more tissue. So Yosaku had to yield by force.
When he got home, Yosaku explained what had happened to Otsuru and asked him to please knit another piece once again. Otsuru accepted the order and went into the room to knit like the other times. But the days passed and Otsuru did not leave the room. Yosaku was very concerned about Otsuru, who was weak and thin but worked non-stop. Since he could not enter the room, each day he became more uneasy. But one day Yosaku could not resist it and decided to enter the room to see how his wife was doing. And then he saw an amazing thing: a beautiful bird weaving with its own wings. The bird turned around and upon seeing Yosaku began to change shape and transformed into Otsuru. Yosaku couldn't believe what his eyes were seeing.
- You have discovered my secret! - he exclaimed. - I am the bird that one day you helped to get rid of the trap ... ..- he said between sobs
Yosaku was speechless
"But now that you have discovered my secret, I will have to go," he said. And when he had finished saying it, Otsuru transformed into the bird again and flew out the window.
Yosaku then began to cry crying:
- Wait, come back please, come back !!!!!
But the bird had already taken flight and was moving away making sad sounds.
RIDDLES
In Japan, we have more mathematic problems like this
SANGAKU
The problems that appear on the tablets are mostly geometric but there are some arithmetic and algebraic ones. For these calculations they resorted to a set of symbols that represented the integers and that were called "sangi", which were small lines placed vertically and horizontally, what we would simply call "sticks" and that, for example, we use when we do Freehand vote counts. In addition, if they were written in red they were positive numbers, and in black, negative, because the only difference for the positive and negative number was the color.
FABLES
The Power of the words
Once upon a time there was a samurai who was very skilled with the sword and at the same time very arrogant and arrogant. Somehow, he only believed something and someone when he killed an adversary in combat and, therefore, he constantly looked for opportunities to challenge anyone at the slightest insult. It was in this way that the samurai maintained his idea, his concept of himself, his iron identity.
On one occasion, this man came to a town and saw people flocking to a place. The samurai stopped dead one of those people and asked him:
-Where are you all going in such a hurry?
"Noble warrior," said the man who probably began to fear for his life, "we are going to listen to Master Wei."
-Who is this guy Wei?
-How is it possible that you don't know him, if Master Wei is known throughout the region?
The samurai felt stupid before that villager and observed the respect that man had for this certain master Wei and that he did not seem to feel for a samurai like him. Then he decided that his fame
would exceed that of Wei that day and so he followed the crowd until they reached the huge room where Master Wei was to teach.
Master Wei was a short, elderly man for whom the samurai immediately felt great contempt and pent-up anger.
Wei began to speak.
- In life there are many powerful weapons used by man and yet, for me, the most powerful of all is the word.
When the samurai heard that, he could not contain himself and exclaimed in the middle of the crowd:
- Only a stupid old man like you can make such a comment. Then taking out his katana and waving it in the air, he continued: "This really is a powerful weapon, and not your stupid words."
Then Wei, looking into his eyes, replied:
- It is normal that someone like you has made that comment; it is easy to see that you are nothing more than a bastard, a brute without any training, a being without any lights and an absolute son of a bitch.
When the samurai heard those words, his face reddened and with his body tense and his mind out of his mind he began to approach the place where Wei was.
- Old man, say goodbye to your life because today comes to an end.
Then, unexpectedly, Wei began to apologize:
- Forgive me, great lord, I am only an old and tired man, someone who due to his age can have the most serious slips. Will you be able to forgive with your noble warrior heart this fool who in his madness has been able to offend you?
The samurai stopped dead and replied:
-Of course yes, noble master Wei, I accept your excuses.
At that time Wei looked him straight in the eye and said:
-My friend, tell me: are the words powerful or not?
Reflection:
Since ancient times, the importance of the good use of words has been known, since with them you can generate moods, change thoughts and use them in all the ways you could imagine to achieve purposes. We can brighten someone else's day or embitter the existence of others, even ours. It is extremely important to have knowledge of what is said and how it is said, to use it appropriately and create the reality we want.
MITHS
Conventional Japanese myths are based on the Kojiki, Nihonshoki and some supplementary books.
The Kojiki which literally means "record of ancient things" is the oldest recognized book on myths, legends, and the history of Japan and the Nihonshoki is the second oldest.
The Shintoshu explains origins of Japanese deities from a Buddhist perspective, while the Hotsuma Tsutae records a different version of mythology.
POETRY
Haiku (俳 句) or haikú is a type of Japanese poetry. It consists of a short poem of seventeen syllables, written in three verses of five, seven and five syllables respectively
The origin of chöka as a poetic form dates back to the medieval times of Japan. Being this type of poem a main channel of much of the lyrical poetry of the time, in the year 759 AD, Otomo no Yakamochi includes it in the anthology Manyōshū.
It has no title (in this it resembles those of metric tei kei)
Does not have consonant rhymes
Assonance rhymes possible
Supports all kinds of lyrical and rhetorical resources
The number of verses is variable:
It can be as long as the poet likes
The minimum number of verses, given its metric configuration, is 7 verses, to differentiate it from a tanka, as we will see later
A chöka must end in a 3-verse katauta with metrics 5-7-7 and contain 2 or more pairs of verses 5-7; of this account, its minimum metric is: 5-7, 5-7,5-7-7
tanka in its particular and defined form was created by Masaoka Shiki, and shares its origin with hokku, since both are born from renga (a type of Japanese collective poetry). A renga is started by a poet with a hokku (5-7-5) and answered by another poet with a couple of verses 7-7. Hence, the first 5 verses of a renga (although written by 2 poets) gave rise, later, to tanka.
It has no title (same as the chöka)
Metric scheme: 5-7-5-7-7
Does not have consonant rhymes
May carry assonance rhymes
Supports all kinds of lyrical and rhetorical resources
Must have links between pivot and shimo-no-ku and first verses of kami-no-ku
👉CONCLUSION👈
Countries have diversity in every sense of the word which we must always analyze and respect in order to receive that respect for our culture. We have an identity which is created from our ancestors through the stories that our grandparents or parents tell us, going through what we transmit to our children and grandchildren, thus making a story from before becoming a traditional oral or even a gesture or action becomes something normal or common either between a small nucleus such as the family or society in general
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